Stephen Van Evera proposed the Offense-Defense theory which is basically; war will be more common in where conquest is easy and war will happen when states have large defensive or offensive opportunities. When there is conquest is when there is little resistance from an invading force, to simply resist is to deny the expansion of an invading army, and it sends the message to the opposing generals that this expansion could be dangerous. By simply having armies does not mean there will be war, armies can actually be a deterrent for war because of opposing armies having the realisation that two strong sides will negate each other out. Lying down without resisting an invading army is simply giving up your lands for free and inviting a foreign power to actually take more and more land.
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